Atoms are the fundamental components of matter, made up of three subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. The structure of atoms determines the properties and behavior of different ...

Mrs Roberts: What do you think you're made of? Mr Spellman: Big question. Grit, determination, hard-working, handsome, charming, funny. Mrs Roberts: Well, I guess. But you're actually made of atoms.

We introduce and discuss a method for global optimization of atomic structures based on the introduction of additional degrees of freedom describing: 1) the chemical identities of the atoms, 2) the ...

$$\frac{V\left(T\right)-{V}_{0}}{{V}_{0}}=3{\alpha }_{{{{{\rm{l}}}}}\left(T-{T}_{0}\right),$$ Understanding the structure of metallic glasses is difficult due to ...