Confounding factors, also known as confounders or confounding variables, are variables that are associated with both the independent variable and the dependent variable in a study. They can introduce ...

School of Mathematics and System Sciences, Beihang University, Beijing, China. Causal inference has become an important research field in statistics, data mining, epidemiology and machine learning etc ...

Control for confounding is crucial in causal observational studies. However, the modelling of continuous confounders has not received much attention. This is probably because in causal research the ...

Analytics Fact #4: Correlation vs. Causation We’ve all heard the phrase “Correlation does not equal causation,” but let’s break that down with a quick example. Imagine you’re analyzing elementary ...

Neurointervention is a highly specialized area of medicine and, as such, neurointerventional research studies are often more challenging to conduct, require large, multicenter efforts and longer study ...