Quantum thermodynamics explores the fundamental principles governing energy conversion at the smallest scales, where quantum effects such as coherence and entanglement significantly influence the ...

RIKEN physicists have fabricated a nanoscale ‘heat engine’ that uses a property of electrons known as spin as the effective working medium 1. It is promising for exploring the development of ...

Heat engines are thermodynamic physical systems that convert heat energy into mechanical work by exploiting a temperature difference between a high-temperature heat source and a low-temperature heat ...