Course Description: Study of metric spaces and real-valued functions. Topics include: convergence of sequence, continuity and uniform continuity of functions, sequences and series of functions, ...
2.2.8 Show that if $p$ is an odd prime, then the congruence $x^2 \equiv 1 (\tmop{mod} p^{\alpha})$ has only two solutions, $x \equiv \pm 1 (\tmop{mod} p^{\alpha ...
Course Description: Generating functions, discrete and continuous versions of Poisson and Markov processes, branching and renewal processes, introduction to stochastic calculus and diffusion. Course ...
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