Research and investment in artificial intelligence (AI) have rapidly expanded over the past decade. The International Data Corporation predicts that global spending on cognitive and AI systems will ...

How will we use data and information? Not a day goes by without seeing the words "AI" and "data science." Under these circumstances, it goes without saying that modern society generates an enormous ...

- When the problem is large-scale and high-dimensional (involving a vast number of variables), the computational complexity increases explosively, making the calculations infeasible. - Data may be ...