When a virus spreads, it may mutate into, e.g., vaccine resistant or fast spreading lineages, as was the case for the Danish Cluster-5 mink variant (belonging to the B.1.1.298 lineage), the British ...

Immunology is complex, with its myriad cues that direct and diversify cell phenotypes and functionality to defend against external and internal threats. Predicting how the immune system will respond ...

Two Leiden researchers have demonstrated how mathematics can improve our health care. Daniel Gomon has developed a model that contributes to the quality of care in hospitals. Marta Spreafico works on ...

The mathematical theory of probability as we know it today was developed by Andrey Kolmogorov. In 1933, Kolmogorov issued his Foundations of the Theory of Probability, where he combined the notion of ...

England's World Cup journey begins tonight, but a mathematician warns that fans shouldn't get their hopes up.

Niigata, Japan - Human society includes various minority groups. However, it is often difficult to know whether someone is a minority member simply by looking at the person, as minority traits may not ...