Abstract: Mollusks show a diversity of shell growth patterns. We develop a model for the dynamic resource allocation to defense organs and analyze it with the Pontryagin maximum principle. A typical ...

朝起きて、なんとなく体が重い。 食後に眠くなる。 夜になると食べたくなる。 これらは年齢のせいではなく、 「あなたに合う食事回数」がまだ整っていないサイン。 The heavy mornings, post-meal sleepiness, and late-night cravings are not due to age—they’re simply signs that your ...

We introduce a measure for energetic efficiency of biological cilia acting individually or collectively and numerically determine the optimal beating patterns according to this criterion. Maximizing ...